Field manuals

RIM/BHR

Radio Imaging / Borehole Radar

A transmitter is lowered down one hole and a receiver down another. Measuring signal attenuation over many transmitter-receiver pairs allows a tomographic image of the rock volume between the holes to be reconstructed.

Crew

2 borehole operators plus a driller or hoist crew on standby

Mobilisation

2-3 days: hole condition survey, winch rigging, probe calibration

Daily coverage

1-2 hole pairs per day (roughly 0.4-0.8 km of tomographic coverage)

Equipment and specifications

ProbesMatched transmitter / receiver dipole probes, 50 kHz - 30 MHz, slim-hole rated
WinchesTwo depth-encoded winches, 0.05 m depth accuracy, synchronised control
CableFibre or coax logging cable rated to hole depth with strain relief
Calibration jigAbove-ground fixed-separation frame for amplitude calibration
Hole condition kitCaliper and deviation survey data for both holes

Setup sequence

  1. 01

    Verify the holes

    Deviation and caliper surveys first — true probe separation drives the whole tomogram.

  2. 02

    Calibrate

    Record fixed-separation amplitudes above ground at every frequency to be used.

  3. 03

    Plan the scan

    Fan or level-by-level geometry with ray coverage crossing the target volume.

  4. 04

    Run the scans

    Lower both probes on synchronised encoders, recording amplitude at each station pair.

  5. 05

    Invert

    Attenuation tomography using true 3D geometry from the deviation surveys.

Safety

Stuck or lost probe

Overshot fishing kit on site, tension limits set on the winch, no forcing through obstructions.

Open hole and collar

Collar covers, edge protection, hard barricades around the pad.

Winch and cable under tension

Exclusion zone, no hands on moving cable, gloves and eye protection.

Underground work (if applicable)

Mine permit, gas testing, self-rescuer, tag-in / tag-out.

Field vs lab

AspectIn the simulatorIn the field
Signal-to-noiseClean synthetic response; noise added only if you ask for it.Cultural noise, wind and instrument drift set the usable dynamic range.
Hole geometryTwo perfectly parallel, straight holes.Real holes deviate metres; unsurveyed deviation shows up as false attenuation.
Hole fluid and casingNot modelled.Conductive fluid or any steel casing can kill the signal completely.
CouplingFixed antenna coupling.Varies with hole diameter, fluid and wall roughness at every station.
RepeatabilityIdentical parameters return an identical curve every time.Coupling, moisture and temperature move the response between repeats.

Field QC checklist

  • · Deviation survey available for both holes before acquisition
  • · Calibration amplitudes repeatable within 1 dB start and end of shift
  • · Reciprocal ray amplitudes agreeing within 2 dB