All methods

Frequency domain

GsAMTGrounded-Source Audio-Magnetotellurics

A controlled transmitter fixes the AMT dead band

Frequency band

1 Hz - 10 kHz

Depth range

50 - 2,000 m

Resolution

Moderate

Source

Grounded electric dipole transmitter

Typical cost

Moderate to high

Survey speed

Moderate - transmitter setup then roving receivers

Best terrain

Areas with weak natural signal or high cultural noise

Domain

Frequency domain

Overview

GsAMT (and the closely related CSAMT) replaces the unreliable natural field with a grounded dipole several kilometres away. Signal quality improves dramatically, but the geometry must stay in the far field or the apparent resistivities are biased.

How the physics works

Beyond roughly three skin depths from the transmitter the field behaves like a plane wave and standard MT processing applies. Closer in, the near-field term dominates and apparent resistivity rises as 1/f, producing the characteristic 45-degree upturn on log-log plots.

Where it is used

  • Epithermal and porphyry targeting under cover
  • Geothermal exploration in noisy terrain
  • Structural mapping and fault detection
  • Groundwater exploration in hard rock

Other methods